rural to urban transformation
The urban population of Madagascar has grown drastically during the past 60 years. In the 1960s, the urban population was only about 10.64% and by 2018, the urban population had risen to 38.5% by 2020. Madagascar has a population of about 25 million and has about 7 million urbanities, which was only about 2.8 million urbanities in 1993. The cities of Madagascar are responsible for about 3/4 of the countries GDP, with the capital city, Antananarivo accounting for over 50% of it.
urban positives and negatives
Urbanization is very good, especially for small, rural, developing countries. Although it is good, there are many downsides and negatives to urbanization. One positive to urbanization is an increase in employment. An increase of employment allows people to afford better healthcare and have access to better schools. A negative is overcrowding. When people move from rural to urban areas, it can get crowded and more negatives start to grow. If the population in an urban area grows too much, another negative would be unemployment and a higher poverty rate. Once too many people move to an urban area, there are not enough jobs for people which would lead to unemployment. Unemployment adds to the poverty rate, which is already very high in Madagascar.
challenges of urban sustainability
Urban sustainability is the ability of building cities that can continue to run without running out of resources. One of the main challenges of urban sustainability is pollution. Trying to regulate pollution in specific areas with lots of businesses is a difficult challenge. In Madagascar pollution is a big issue. It comes from large industries. Another challenge of urban sustainability is climate change. In Madagascar, climate change is a huge issue. Most of the climate issues sprouted from deforestation and the removal of biodiversity. Urban areas are also a main production place for greenhouse gases. Trying to prevent climate change in urban areas is a difficult challenge that most of the world faces, but especially in Madagascar. Another issue is sanitation. Madagascar is a very poor country with a lack of sanitation. There are many diseases and sicknesses that spread because of the lack of sanitation.